TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparative Assessment of Ethanol and Methanol–Ethanol Blends with Gasoline in SI Engine for Sustainable Development
AU - Usman, Muhammad
AU - Malik, Muhammad Ali Ijaz
AU - Chaudhary, Tariq Nawaz
AU - Riaz, Fahid
AU - Raza, Sohaib
AU - Abubakar, Muhammad
AU - Malik, Farrukh Ahmad
AU - Ahmad, Hafiz Muhammad
AU - Fouad, Yasser
AU - Abbas, Muhammad Mujtaba
AU - Kalam, Muhammad Abul
PY - 2023/5/5
Y1 - 2023/5/5
N2 - Growing environmental concerns over global warming and depleting fossil fuel reserves are compelling researchers to investigate green fuels such as alcoholic fuels that not only show the concrete decrement in emissions but also enhance engine performance. The current study emphasizes the influence of different alcoholic fuel blends in gasoline on engine performance and emissions for an engine speed ranging from 1200 to 4400 rpm. The obtained performance results demonstrate that the brake power and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with an incrementing blend percentage of ethanol and methanol in gasoline (EM). The minimum brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was ascertained using pure gasoline followed by E2 and then E5M5. The NOx and CO2 emissions can be described in the decreasing order of E, EM and gasoline due to same trend of exhaust gas temperature (EGT). CO results were in reverse order of CO2. HC emissions were found in the increasing order of E, EM and pure gasoline. E10 performed better among all blends in terms of less exhaust emissions and engine performance. However, EM blended with gasoline significantly reduced NOx. E5M5 produced 1.9% lower NOx emission compared to E10 owing to 1.2% lower EGT. Moreover, greenhouse gases such as CO2, which is mainly responsible for global warming reducing by 1.1% in case E5M5 as compared to E10.
AB - Growing environmental concerns over global warming and depleting fossil fuel reserves are compelling researchers to investigate green fuels such as alcoholic fuels that not only show the concrete decrement in emissions but also enhance engine performance. The current study emphasizes the influence of different alcoholic fuel blends in gasoline on engine performance and emissions for an engine speed ranging from 1200 to 4400 rpm. The obtained performance results demonstrate that the brake power and brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased with an incrementing blend percentage of ethanol and methanol in gasoline (EM). The minimum brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) was ascertained using pure gasoline followed by E2 and then E5M5. The NOx and CO2 emissions can be described in the decreasing order of E, EM and gasoline due to same trend of exhaust gas temperature (EGT). CO results were in reverse order of CO2. HC emissions were found in the increasing order of E, EM and pure gasoline. E10 performed better among all blends in terms of less exhaust emissions and engine performance. However, EM blended with gasoline significantly reduced NOx. E5M5 produced 1.9% lower NOx emission compared to E10 owing to 1.2% lower EGT. Moreover, greenhouse gases such as CO2, which is mainly responsible for global warming reducing by 1.1% in case E5M5 as compared to E10.
KW - SI engine
KW - ethanol–methanol blends
KW - engine performance parameters
KW - engine exhaust emissions
U2 - 10.3390/su15097601
DO - 10.3390/su15097601
M3 - Article
SN - 2071-1050
VL - 15
JO - Sustainability
JF - Sustainability
IS - 9
M1 - 7601
ER -