Abstract
Purpose
Eccentric muscle actions generate high levels of force at a low metabolic cost, making them a suitable training modality to combat age-related neuromuscular decline. The temporary muscle soreness associated with high intensity eccentric contractions may explain their limited use in clinical exercise prescription, however any discomfort is often alleviated after the initial bout (repeated bout effect). Therefore, the aims of the present study were to examine the acute and repeated bout effects of eccentric contractions on neuromuscular factors associated with the risk of falling in older adults.
Methods
Balance, functional ability [timed up-and-go and sit-to-stand], and lower-limb maximal and explosive strength were measured in 13 participants (67.6 ± 4.9 year) pre- and post-eccentric exercise (0, 24, 48, and 72 hr) in Bout 1 and 14 days later in Bout 2. The eccentric exercise intervention was performed on an isokinetic unilateral stepper ergometer at 50% of maximal eccentric strength at 18 step‧min−1 per limb for 7 min (126 steps per limb). Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to identify any significant effects (P ≤ 0.05).
Results
Eccentric strength significantly decreased (− 13%) in Bout 1 at 24 hr post-exercise; no significant reduction was observed at any other time-point after Bout 1. No significant reductions occurred in static balance or functional ability at any time-point in either bout.
Conclusion
Submaximal multi-joint eccentric exercise results in minimal disruption to neuromuscular function associated with falls in older adults after the initial bout.
Eccentric muscle actions generate high levels of force at a low metabolic cost, making them a suitable training modality to combat age-related neuromuscular decline. The temporary muscle soreness associated with high intensity eccentric contractions may explain their limited use in clinical exercise prescription, however any discomfort is often alleviated after the initial bout (repeated bout effect). Therefore, the aims of the present study were to examine the acute and repeated bout effects of eccentric contractions on neuromuscular factors associated with the risk of falling in older adults.
Methods
Balance, functional ability [timed up-and-go and sit-to-stand], and lower-limb maximal and explosive strength were measured in 13 participants (67.6 ± 4.9 year) pre- and post-eccentric exercise (0, 24, 48, and 72 hr) in Bout 1 and 14 days later in Bout 2. The eccentric exercise intervention was performed on an isokinetic unilateral stepper ergometer at 50% of maximal eccentric strength at 18 step‧min−1 per limb for 7 min (126 steps per limb). Two-way repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted to identify any significant effects (P ≤ 0.05).
Results
Eccentric strength significantly decreased (− 13%) in Bout 1 at 24 hr post-exercise; no significant reduction was observed at any other time-point after Bout 1. No significant reductions occurred in static balance or functional ability at any time-point in either bout.
Conclusion
Submaximal multi-joint eccentric exercise results in minimal disruption to neuromuscular function associated with falls in older adults after the initial bout.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 2131–2143 |
Number of pages | 13 |
Journal | European Journal of Applied Physiology |
Volume | 123 |
Issue number | 10 |
Early online date | 22 May 2023 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 1 Oct 2023 |
Event | 27th Annual Congress of the European College of Sport Science - FIBES SEVILLA Conference Centre, Seville, Spain Duration: 31 Aug 2022 → 2 Sept 2022 https://sport-science.org/index.php/congress/ecss-sevilla-2022 |
Bibliographical note
© 2023. Crown.Keywords
- eccentric contractions
- strength
- delayed onset muscle soreness
- ageing
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The acute and repeated bout effects of multi-joint eccentric exercise on physical function and balance in older adults
Baxter, B. (Creator), Baross, A. (Creator), Ryan, D. (Creator), Wright, B. (Creator) & Kay, T. (Creator), University of Northampton, 14 Nov 2022
DOI: 10.24339/3cf619ad-ca74-4a3e-91f1-8d52a8cc6d04
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